Cylinder-lock.



ELI EPSTEIN, OF LEOMINSTEB, MASSACHUSETTS.

CYLINDER-LOCK.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ELI EPSTEIN, a Russian subject, residing at Leominster, county of Worcester, State of Massachusetts, have invented an'Improvement inCylinder-Locks, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanyingdrawing, is a specification, like characters on the drawing representing like parts.

This invention relates to cylinder locks and has for its object to provide a novel lock` which cannot be picked by thc methods com'- monly used for picking cylinder locks, that is, either by jarring the lock so as to hne up the tumbler pins or by manipulating'the tumbler pins separately with a skeleton keyV so as ,to line them up and then inserting a thin ribbon-like lock-picking element .be-

tween the plug and the casing to hold the tumbler pins in their lined-up position until the plug can be turned.

Other object of the invention are to 1m- I prove cylinder locks in various ways, all as will be more fully hereinafter set forth.

I accomplish the object of my invention by providing the lock with two sets of tumbler elements, one of which is the ordinary tumbler vpins that are carried by the casing and which are adapted to have interlocking engagement with the plug when the key is withdrawn; and the other of which is car# ried by the plug and is adapted to have interlocking engagement with the casing when the key is withdrawn. rlhe construction is Asuch that both sets of tumbler elements are lined up by the insertion of the key, that is, the key when .inserted will operate on the usual drivers to line up the tumbler pins in the casing, and it will also act on the other tumbler element vto withdraw it into the plug. The latter-named tumbler element is acted upon by a spring which normally urges it outwardly into its interlocking engagement with the casing, and sald element is provided with means which co-acts w1th the key to retract it against the action of the spring.

Inforder to give an understandingiof my invention, I have .illustratedinthe drawing a selected embodiment thereof which will 'l now be described, after which the novelfeatures .will be pointed out in the appende claims.

Figure l is a perspective view of a cylinj A der lockembodying my invention;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 23, 1917.

Application filed-March 27, 1.9,17. Serial No. 157,786.

Fig. 2 is a sectional View on' substantially the hne 2-2, F ig. 3;

Fig. 3' is a sectional view on the line 3 3,

v bler element carried by the plug;

Figi 6 'is a partial sectional view similar l to Fig. 3 showing the plug unlocked.

1 indicates the usual casing of the lock and 2 the -plug which is rotatably mounted in the casing and which is provided with the usual key-way 3 for the reception of a key 4. The casing 1 is provided with apertures 7 in which are received the usual tumbler pins 5, each tumbler pin being backed by a spring 6. Each tumbler pin has associated therewith a driverS which voperates in an aperture 9 formed in the plu 2, said apertures communicating with the ey-way 3 so that when the key 4 is inserted, it acts on the drivers 8 thereby to line up the tumbler pins 5, as. usual. Y

The parts thus far described are or'may be all such as are usually found in cylinder locks. The present invention comprehends a cylinder lock having in addition to the usual tumbler pins 5 which are urged inwardly by their springs 6, another tumbler element which is normall carried by the plug 2 and which .is acte on by a spring tending to urge it outwardly into interlocking engagement with thel casing. The particularv shape of this other tumbler element is not essential to the invention. As a simple and inexpensive expedient, I have illustrated a tumbler element in the form of a sleeve 10 which' surrounds one of the.

tumbler pin is enlarged at its'outer end, as v.

shown at 11, to receive the sleeve 10, and said sleeve is acted .upon bya spring 12 which is received in the enlarged vportion 11 of the aperture 9 and which tends to force the sleeve outwardly.k The casing is provided with a recess 13 into which the sleeve 10 may be entered when the plug 2 is prop-' erly positioned. This lrecess is formed by enlarging the inner end of the opening 7 for the tumbler pin operating through the sleeve 10. When the plug 2 is locked, the tumbler 1 element 10 is projected beyond the periphery of said plug into the recess 13, as shown in Figs. 2 andl 3. Means-are' provided whereby 10 and operating in a groove 15 formed in the plug 2, the lower end of the arm being bent laterally to present the nger'l' that extends into the key-way 3. The key 4 is formed on one side with a'groove 18 which receives a rib 19 formedin one side of the key-way 3. The upper side 2010i this groove 18 constitutes a shoulder which cooperates with the lip 17 to retract the tumbler sleeve 10 and hold it retracted while the key remains in the key-wayI The groove 18 is formed so that at the end of the key the shoulder Q0 has the upwardly-curved cam surface 21. When4 the key is inserted in the key-way, this surface 21 engages the lip 17 and acts as a cam to retract the sleeve 10 and withdraw it from the recess 13 in the casing, said tumbler element being held in its depressed or withdrawn position by the engagement of the shoulder 20 of the groove with said lip. rhe'insertion of the key in the key-way, therefore, not only lines up the tumblerpins 5 in usual manner, but

also withdraws the tumbler element 10 from its locking engagement with the casing, thereby unlocking theplug so as to permit it to lbe turned. When the plug is turned into the proper position andthe key is withdrawn, the tumbler pins will automatically assume their locking engagement with the plug and the tumbler element 10 will be automatically projected outwardly into thev recess 13. A double locking 'of the plug is thus provided, the tumbler pins 5 having one locking action and the tumbler element 10 having another locking action.

It will be -noted that the locking move-v y ment of the tumbler element 10 is in a direction opposite to that of the locking movement of the tumbler pins 5.' The advantage of this is ,that the lock cannot be picked by jarring it, for if the jarring `blows on the casing are given in such a way as to tend to force the tumbler pins 5 backwardly -against the springs 6, such blows will'have the eEect of tending to force the tumbler element 10 more deeply into the recesses 13, while if the blows are struck in such a way as to tend to drive the tumbler element 10 backwardly into the plug, such blowswill only force the tumbler pins 5 more deeply into locking position. Neither can the lock be readily picked by inserting a thin'ribbonlike vwirev between the plug and casing be.-

latence cause the tumbler pins 5 extend into the plug while the tumbler element 10 extends upwardly into the casing;

v-One `or more of these tumbler elements 10 lmay be employed as desired. I have, shown in the drawings two such elements, although only one or more than two may be used as the number of such tumbler essential to the invention. l Iy claim:

l 1. In a cylinder lock, the .combination of a casing, a plug rotatably mounted therein,

a, spring-pressed tumbler element movably lelements is not carried by the casing and normally having interlocking engagement with the-plug, and

the plug for movement in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of the Erst-r named tumbler element, and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the casing.

2. In a cylinder lock, the combination of4 a casing, a plug rotatably mounted therein, a springlpressed tumbler element movably carried by the casing and normally having interlocking engagement with the plug, a spring-pressed tumbler element carried by the plug for movement in a direction paral- I lel to the direction of movement of the first-named tumbler element and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the casing, and means associated with each tumbler element lby which both tumbler elements are lined up by the insertion of a key in the key-way of the-plug.

3. In a cylinder lock, the combination of a casing, a plug rotatably mounted vtherein and provided with a key-way, a plurality of spring-pressed tumbler pins carried by the casing yand adapted to have interlocking engagement with the plug drivers carried by the plug and by which said tumbler pins are lined up upon the insertion of a key in a the key-way, and a tubular spring-pressed tumbler element carried by the plug and encircling one of the drivers and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the casing.

4. In a cylinder lock, the combination with a casing, of a plug rotatably mounted therein and provided with a keyway, a plurality of 'spring-pressed tumbler pinscarried by the casing and adapted to' have interlocking engagement with the plug, drivers carried by the plug and by which the V tumbler-pins 'are lined up upon the insertion of a key in the key-way, and a tubular' spring-pressed tumbler elementcarried by the plug and encircling one of the drivers and adapted to have interlocking engage-v ment with the casing, said tubular tumbler element being provided with key-actuated means to retract it.

5. In a cylinder lock, the combination with a casing, of a plug rotatably mounted therein and provided with a keyway, a pluso a spring-pressed tumbler element carried by f rality of spring-pressed, tumbler pins car-A ried by the casing and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the plug, a plurality of drivers carried by the plug and by which the tumbler pins are lined up, a sleeve carried by the plug and surrounding one of the tumbler pins, said casing having a recess to receive the end .0f 'the sleeve, a

spring urging said sleeve outwardly into 4said recess, and an arm depending from said sleeve and adapted to beengaged by the key thereby to Withdraw the sleeve from the recess.

6. In a cylinder lock, the combination of a casing, a plug rotatably mounted therein,

a plurality of spring-pressed tumblers movably carried by the casing and normally having interlocking engagement With the plug, said tumblers being in line with each other, and a spring-pressed tumbler element carried by the plug and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the casing, said last-named tumbler element being in line with the rst-named tumbler elements and movable in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of said rstnamed tumbler elements.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ELI EPSTEIN. 

